Executive
Summary
Conclusion and Recommendations
Three Wishes of the Afghan people
I - Losing the Hearts and Minds
IV - Internal Refugee Camps
Appendices
II - The Politics of Bombings
V - Aggressive Poppy Eradication
III - The Starvation Crisis
VI - The Taliban Successful Hearts and Minds
Remains of an Alexander the Great fort close to Lashkar Gah in Helmand province 1. We are Losing the Hearts and Minds in Southern Afghanistan

The International Community has no Hearts and Minds strategy for counter insurgency. Elements of counter insurgency, development and propaganda have traditionally been used in Hearts and Minds campaigns. Looking at the history of Hearts and Minds can we learn from past examples?
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Men carrying away a civilian bombing victim 2. The Politics of Fear: Bombings in Southern Afghanistan

Aerial bombings are being used by NATO-ISAF troops in Afghanistan to compensate for the fundamental failures of the international community’s political and development strategies. This has raised the level of insecurity in Southern Afghanistan, validating suicide bombing tactics used by the Taliban. Consequently, a chain of reactions occurs…
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Hungry children in Helmand. Will they survive the winter? 3. The Starvation Crisis in Southern Afghanistan Reveals Failing, Dysfunctional International Aid.

Starvation in Southern Afghanistan is occurring because of a failing food aid system, with inadequate funding and inefficient delivery services. The only functional food distributors in Afghanistan, the ICRC and ARCS are undermined by lack of assistance by the International Community…
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Southern Afghanistan refugee camp 4. Internal Refugee Camps in Southern Afghanistan are Fuelling the Insurgency

The internal refugee camps have increased in size as a result of air bombings, forced poppy eradication and drought. The camps highlight and represent the international community’s policy errors in Afghanistan and have become a major recruiting ground for the Taliban.
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Poppy field 5. Opium Poppy Eradication in Afghanistan: Ill Conceived Policy Undermines Support for Karzai and Exacerbates Poverty

The international community is finalising plans to chemically eradicate the poppy crop in Afghanistan. However, forced eradication runs directly counter to the principles of an effective “Hearts and Minds” strategy, driving farmers into the hands of the Taliban….
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Displaced and disillusioned: the ideal target for the Taliban 6. The Taliban’s Successful Hearts and Minds Propaganda Damming the West

The Taliban have implemented their own “Hearts and Minds” strategy by capitalising on the international community’s inability to generate successful reconstruction and development projects. This has exploited the frustration felt by Afghans….
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List of Appendices

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